Mobile Sensing for Emotion Recognition in Smartphones: A Literature Review on Non-Intrusive Methodologies

Abstract

This paper aims to provide the reader with a comprehensive background for understanding current knowledge on the use of non-intrusive Mobile Sensing methodologies for emotion recognition in Smartphone devices. We examined the literature on experimental case studies conducted in the domain during the past six years (2015–2020). Search terms identified 95 candidate articles, but inclusion criteria limited the key studies to 30. We analyzed the research objectives (in terms of targeted emotions), the methodology (in terms of input modalities and prediction models) and the findings (in terms of model performance) of these published papers and categorized them accordingly. We used qualitative methods to evaluate and interpret the findings of the collected studies. The results reveal the main research trends and gaps in the field. The study also discusses the research challenges and considers some practical implications for the design of emotion-aware systems within the context of Distance Education.